Gxt Ferret 54 ENGINE DIAGNOSTIC CENTER Manual do Utilizador

®54ENGINEDIAGNOSTIC CENTERTMFEATURES ...IntroductionPrinterClock/CalendarProgram CartridgesStandCONNECTIONS ...

STANDThe Diagnostic Center's Control Module maybe hung on the stand at any of four positionson the top and front of the columns.When fully closed

E054-02 Printed in U.S.A.9-7SAFETY PRECAUTIONSRead All Instructions Before UsingThe Engine Diagnostic Center Always wear eye protection when testing

FERRET 54 ENGINE DIAGNOSTIC CENTERWARRANTYFERRET INSTRUMENTS, INC. of Cheboygan Michigan, warrants to the original purchaserthat this Engine Diag

Ferret Instruments, Inc.,Repair Department1310 Higgins Drive,Cheboygan, MI 49721Continental United States:Phone1-800-627-5655Alaska, Hawaii & Can

Gas Detector (Optional)1-6Drain holes are provided on both sides of theback storage compartment. A strap holdsthe drain and exhaust hoses in place.The

1-7

Leads... 2-1Emissions Hoses ... 2-6Road Test ... 2-8CONNECTIOCONNECTIONS

LEADSTwo eight foot extension harnesses plug into labeled ports on the back of the Control Moduleand are routed along the boom. Test leads plug into c

2-2SPARKWIRE KV CLIPSThe capacitive sparkwire clips sense ignitionsecondary voltage. Connect the center clipto the Cylinder #1 spark plug wire.The r

2-3PRIMARY AMPS PICKUP - DISPut the black Primary Amps Pickup aroundthe wire that provides 12V power (B+) to theignition module and all coils. You m

STROBE TIMINGThe Timing Light will flash when a sparksignal and power from the Diagnostic Centerleads are present and the Strobe Timing testis select

2-5AUXILIARY METER LEADThe Auxiliary Meter Lead is used to read theoutput of a variety of sensors. It is the signalinput for the O2 Sensor and Thrott

EMISSION HOSES AND ROAD TEST KITSAMPLE HOSEA flexible metal probe tip, a spring handleand a reinforced polyurethane hose combineto make up the S

CALIBRATION GAS HOSEDuring calibration, the calibration gas is fedinto the CAL GAS port. The calibration gashose comes from the regulator, which isc

CollectorBottleROAD TESTUnplug and remove the Control Module and Gas Detector from the stand (leaving the exhaustand drain hoses with the stand), and

2-9

Test Keys / Menus... 3-1Control Keys ... 3-2Setup... 3-3DIAGNOSTIC CENTER OPEGNO

CONTROLMODULEIGNITION MENU:Primary, Secondary, and Hard Start testsare reached with this key. Timing can bemeasured with the Digital AdvanceStrobosc

HELP: Help screens are related to the testor procedure you are doing and are availablein most circumstances. Test screens havespecific Helps to expla

SETUPThe setup menus provide an easy way for you to tell the Diagnostic Center about the enginebeing tested and to set preferences. Menus will change

Diagnostic Center SetupThe Diagnostic Center Setup provides the Diagnostic Center with information it needs toproperly display and print informationLC

CUSTOM PRINTOUT HEADERThis function provides a way to place a four line header on printed reports. A businessaddress or a message may be placed in t

Ignition ...4- 1Power ...4-13Electrical...4-19Sensors...

Introduction... 1-2Printer... 1-3Clock/Calendar ... 1-4Program Cartridges ..

IGNITIONIGNITION PRIMARY — DISThe Ignition Primary test measures the input power and response of the coil. Doing this testfirst will verify the conne

PRIMARYAMPSBUILDmSecCOILPEAKAMPSSPARKLINEPRIMARYVOLTS0 v SPARKBURNTIMEIGNITION TIMING CYCLEBUILD(DWELL)AMPSHOLDDWELL SECTIONBATTERYVOLTAGEINDIVIDUAL

BUILD MILLISECONDSThese readings are useful for checking current-regulating ignitions that take a fixedtime to build coil current. Typical build time

4-4IGNITION PRIMARY TROUBLESHOOTINGPeak Amps Build mSec. Likely ProblemTYPICAL DIS PRIMARY WIRE COLORSManufacturer Wire Color Manufacturer Wire

IGNITION PRIMARY — DistributorPress IGNITION, SELECT Primary and press NEXT. If a Distributor Ignition was selected duringEngine Setup, this screen

DRIVER MODULE / POINTS VOLTAGE“Driver” is the voltage during the dwell time.For mechanical points it should be less than0.3 volts. Electronic module

IGNITION SECONDARY — DISPress IGNITION, SELECT Secondary and press NEXT. The Diagnostic center will analyze theignition and determine the polarity

FIRING KV — Live and MaximumFiring KV is the voltage that is required to start ionizing the air/fuel mix in the spark plug gap.For the ignition to

The burn time numerical screen shows minimum, maximum, and live spark burndurations for each cylinder in numerical format:mS Max. 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.7

4-10IGNITION SECONDARY — DistributorPress IGNITION, SELECT Secondary and press NEXT. If a Distributor ignition was selectedduring Engine Setup, thi

1-1

HARD START — DistributorPress IGNITION, SELECT Hard Start and press NEXT. Use this test to find the problem areaon a no-start engine. If a Distributo

HARD START — DieselPress IGNITION, SELECT Hard Start and press NEXT. Use this test to find the problem areaon a no-start engine. If Diesel was sele

POWERELECTRONIC COMPRESSION — DIS or DistributorPress POWER, SELECT Electronic Compression, and press NEXT. A screen may promptyou to zero the am

On a DIS engine, or if you were prompted to disable fuel on a distributor engine, a messagewill appear reminding you to restore the fuel supply.Then t

POWER CONTRIBUTION — DIS and DistributorPress POWER, SELECT Power Contribution, and press NEXT.This test measures each cylinder’s contribution to t

The graph suggests how cylinder power differences affect the RPM during an engine cycle.POWER DIFFERENCE WAVEFORMA low power cylinder will show a ne

POWER BALANCE - Automatic and Manual - DistributorPress POWER, SELECT Power Balance Automatic or Power Balance Manual, and press NEXT.Power Balance i

4-18Operating the engine above the controlledidle RPM will minimize the effects of idlecompensators and put the engine at asmoother operating point. R

ELECTRICALSTARTING / CHARGINGHISTORYPress ELECTRICAL, SELECT Starting/Charging History, and press NEXT.An electrical power system test of the engineis

Results are displayed on this screen: STARTING/CHARGING HISTORYCranking 225 RPM Cranking 10.23 VoltAlternator 45 Amps Cranking 134 Am

A multi-clip capacitive KV harness allowsquick connection to DIS engines. Cylinderorder and polarity are automatically detectedfor fast, foolproof hoo

AUXILIARY METERPress ELECTRICAL, SELECT Auxiliary Meter, and press NEXT. This general purpose meteris useful for measurement of a variety of voltage

SENSORSThe Auxiliary Meter Lead is used for all of these tests, except the Vacuum/Pressure tests.THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR (TPS)Press SENSORS, SELEC

O2 SENSOR TESTPress SENSORS, SELECT O2 Sensor Test, and press NEXT. This test is also available onthe FUEL SYSTEM-GAS ANALYSIS key. For a more detai

LOGIC TRACE SCOPEUse the logic trace to observe regular or intermittent pulses on wires for accessories, sensors,lamps, solenoids, slow computer cod

REPORTS - AUTOTESTRUNNING AN AUTOTESTPress REPORTS-AUTOTEST, SELECT Run AutoTest, press NEXT, and follow the on-screeninstructions.The AutoTest is o

The Starting/Charging test is next. The Diagnostic Center will prompt you to zero the ampprobe, and will display this screen: STARTING/CHARGING

If the Magnetic TDC timing test is to be run, SELECT an offset and press NEXT.If the Strobe Light timing test is to be run, use the fingertip control

The Electronic Compression test is next. If the engine is DIS or if the Diagnostic Center isunable to suppress the ignition, a screen will advise that

4-29AUTOTEST - DISTRIBUTOR

4-30AUTOTEST - DIS

4-31

Distributor... 5-1DIS ... 5-3TYPICAL REYPICAL READDINGS

5-1Measurement Typical Readings InterpretationBattery Volts 12.4 to 12.8 Volts Checks battery state of charge. (Engine Off) Below 12.3V, charge is lo

5-2DISTRIBUTOR ENGINES, ContinuedNote: Use repair manuals and compare similar engines to obtain actual specifications.Typical readings shown apply t

5-3TYPICAL DIS READINGSThe primary readings listed below are for your convenience, and are the result of our ownField Testing. Variations of ±10% s

Fuel Injectors ...6-1O2 Sensor ...6-3Emissions...6-5Printed Reports ...6-7F

FUEL INJECTORSPress FUEL SYSTEM - GAS ANALYSIS, SELECT Injector Drive, and press NEXT. A screenwill appear, prompting you to put the black Primary

Amps Build SequentialNone None Open circuit, check continuityLow Long Wiring, connections, or driverHigh Short Shorted WindingAmps Build Banked or Pai

O2 SENSOR TESTPress FUEL SYSTEM - GAS ANALYSIS,SELECT O2 Sensor Test, and press NEXT.Many emissions problems are the fault of alazy or defective O2

O2 TESTVoltage from the vehicle O2 sensor is monitored for crossings per second through thestoichiometric point (0.45v), indicating rich and lean con

INTRODUCTIONThe Ferret 54 Engine Diagnostic Center isa professional grade tool for diagnosingautomotive ignition, fuel injection, electrical,and emiss

EMISSIONSThe Gas Analyzer must be connected to use these tests. Refer to the GAS THEORY sectionof this manual for information on preconditioning the v

Data RecorderEmissions or O2 readings can be recorded and played back at any time while viewing theComposite, Bar Graph, or O2 sensor screens. Press R

PRINTED REPORTSPrinted reports give a permanent record ofthe measurements that were recorded in theEmissions or O2 Sensor tests. Multiplecopies may b

Sampling ...7-1The Emissions Components...7-2Testing Emissions ...7-3Road Test...

7-1SAMPLINGGENERAL INSTRUCTIONSAlways warm up the engine before insertingthe sample probe into the tail pipe. Coldengines give off large amounts of p

THE EMISSIONS COMPONENTSHYDROCARBONS (HC)Petroleum based products are made up ofhydrocarbons (hydrogen and carbon). Anyfuel that is not burned in th

TESTING EMISSIONSVisual InspectionBefore undertaking diagnosis of any problem,always conduct a careful visual inspection ofall hoses and wiring connec

TESTSPCV VALVEThe PCV valve routes blowby gases fromthe crankcase to the carburetor or intakemanifold to be mixed with intake air.Malfunctions or clo

INTAKE MANIFOLD LEAKSWhen a manifold leak occurs, lean misfiresor low manifold vacuum may be seen. Tolocate a leak, run the engine and observe theHC

QuickAccelerationGradualAccelerationFullThrottleQuickDecelerationCoastIdle50 MPH30 MPHTimeSample Road Test SequenceOTHER TESTSRefer to manufacturers&

PaperRollPrinterPaperReleaseButtonPRINTERThe Diagnostic Center employs a 40 columnthermal dot matrix printer. Reports andindividual screens may be pri

COMBUSTION THEORYThe content of an engine’s exhaust streamdepends on the efficiency of the combustionprocess. Ideally, pure fuel (hydrogen andcarbon)

2%4%6%8%10%12%14%8:1.54 .68 .82 1.00 1.09 1.2210:1 12:1 14:1 16:1 18:11000(loaded)20003000Air/Fuel RatioLambda λO2, CO, CO2% byVolumeNOxppm10020030040

3 WAY CATALYTIC CONVERTERThe three-way catalyst uses the metalsPalladium, Platinum and Rhodium to causethe reactions needed to lower emissions ofHC

7-10UNDERSTANDING RESULTSA gas detector measures the content of HC,CO, CO2, O2 and NOx in the exhauststream. If the engine is running efficiently, th

High HC combined with High NOx indicatesa lean misfire. Oil being burned will also raisethe temperature and cause NOx formation.Possible causes are:•

Zero ...8-1Purge...8-1Calibrate ...8-2Leak Test...

MAINTENANCEThe operations described below are foundunder Gas Detector Service in the DiagnosticCenter section of the Setup menu.ZEROThe ZERO process d

Following this, air is drawn through thesample system to determine the flownormally delivered during sampling. Thesample hose should be placed where i

Probe Tip and Leak Check CapLEAK TESTLeaks in the sample system can allow thesample to be diluted and cause erroneousreadings. The Leak Test provides

OXYGEN SENSOR REPLACEMENTRunning the NEW O2 sensor function tellsthe system that the O2 sensor on the GasDetector has been physically replaced. Runt

PROGRAM CARTRIDGESContained within the printer compartment arethe System Program Cartridge and slots foradditional Program Cartridges. Programsneeded

HC-HANGUPOccasionally, residual hydrocarbons maylinger in the system, causing an HC readingof over 20 ppm with the probe samplingambient air. This is

CAL & P.E.F.In case a state inspector needs to obtain the P.E.F. (propane equivalency factor), this selectionis provided.Last Calibration

CLEANING THE SAMPLE HOSEIf HC HANG-UP has been observed, orrepeated PURGE tests have failed, it may benecessary to clean the Sample HoseAssembly. Re

Service Information ...9-1Troubleshooting...9-2Parts List ...9-4Specifications...

9-1SERVICE INFORMATIONBEFORE RETURNINGContact the factory before returning theEngine Diagnostic Center (or any part) forservice. The Service Departmen

TROUBLESHOOTINGDEAD, NO FUNCTIONSIf the display is blank and no beep is heardwhen a key is pressed:• Verify that the power lead is connectedto the bat

PRINTER WARNING MESSAGEThe cause of the printer message isgenerally a paper jam, causing the print headto move too slowly or not at all.Pulling paper

9-4REPLACEMENT PARTS LISTLEADSPART NUMBER DESCRIPTIONW015-00 Auto Fuse AdapterW020-01 Power Extension HarnessW020-02 Ignition Extension HarnessW020

SPECIFICATIONSMeasurement RangesIGNITIONVolts, Battery .... to 20.00 VoltsVolts, Aux (10 Megohm) ...

9-6